What is FLUTD in cats?

Feline lower urinary tract disease describes a group of conditions causing bladder and urethra inflammation and pain. Signs include straining to urinate, blood in urine, frequent tray visits and urinating outside the litter box. Male cats can develop life-threatening blockages.

Stress, diet, concentrated urine, crystals or stones, infection and idiopathic inflammation all contribute. In many UK cats no single cause is found — this is called feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC).

Is FLUTD an emergency?

Yes if a cat cannot pass urine — especially males. Partial signs such as blood in urine or frequent straining still need prompt veterinary care within 24 hours.

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Feline lower urinary tract disease

Quick answer

**FLUTD (feline lower urinary tract disease)** causes painful urination, blood in urine and litter tray changes in UK cats. Stress and concentrated urine are common triggers. Male cats can develop **blocked bladders — a life-threatening emergency**. Prompt vet care and long-term management reduce recurrence.

Key takeaways

Stress, diet, concentrated urine, crystals or stones, infection and idiopathic inflammation all contribute. In many UK cats no single cause is found — this is called feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC).
Yes if a cat cannot pass urine — especially males. Partial signs such as blood in urine or frequent straining still need prompt veterinary care within 24 hours.

The full guide

Causes, symptoms, treatment options and when to call your vet — in the complete plain-English guide.

Read: FLUTD in Cats UK Check symptoms

Frequently Asked Questions

What is FLUTD in cats?: Feline lower urinary tract disease describes a group of conditions causing bladder and urethra inflammation and pain. Signs include straining to urinate, blood in urine, frequent tray visits and urinating outside the litter box. Male cats can develop life-threatening blockages.
What causes FLUTD?: Stress, diet, concentrated urine, crystals or stones, infection and idiopathic inflammation all contribute. In many UK cats no single cause is found — this is called feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC).
Is FLUTD an emergency?: Yes if a cat cannot pass urine — especially males. Partial signs such as blood in urine or frequent straining still need prompt veterinary care within 24 hours.